Non-tumor
- Infection
- Fracture callus
- Stress fracture
Benign
- Osteoid osteoma
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Histiocytosis X
Malignant
- Osteosarcoma
- Ewing’s sarcoma
- Lymphoma
- Adamantinoma (tibia and, rarely, ulna or fibula)
- Myeloma
- Metastasis
Notes
- History, blood work, and C-reactive protein level plus cross-sectional imaging to search for sequestrum are useful in diagnosing infection
- Use fine cut CT images, if necessary, to find the nidus of osteoid osteoma
- Early stress fracture can be demonstrated by MRI and bone scan.
- Multiple bone involvement, deformities, and ground glass appearance suggest fibrous dysplasia
- The presence of a soft tissue mass is typical of osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, and lymphoma
Other Differential Diagnoses by Anatomic Location
- Polyostotic conditions
- Juxta-articular bone lesions
- Epiphyseal bone lesions
- Epiphyseal-metaphyseal bone lesions
- Metaphyseal and metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone lesions
- Parosteal bone lesions
- Anterior bone spine
- Posterior bone spine
- Sacrum bone lesions
Last Updated on June 27, 2024
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